Basic Science Knowledge

Gauss Law states that the total electric flux out of a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity. The electric flux in an area is defined as the electric field multiplied by the area of the surface projected in a plane and perpendicular to the field. What is Gauss Law? According to the Gauss law, the total flux linked with a closed surface is 1/ε0 times the charge enclosed by the closed surface. Mathematically can be expressed as: For example, A point charge q is placed inside a cube of edge ‘a’. Now as per the Gauss law, the flux through each face of the cube is q/6ε0. Gauss Law Formula:- As per the Gauss theorem, the total charge enclosed in a closed surface is proportional to the total flux enclosed by the surface. Therefore, If ϕ is total flux and ϵ0 is electric constant, the total electric charge Q enclosed by the surface is; Q = ϕ ϵ0 The Gauss law formula is expressed by; ϕ = Q/ϵ0 Where, Q = total charge within the give...

Electric Flux: " The number of Electric Field lines passing through a certain area is known as Electric Flux through that area." Note:- Electric Flux is a scalar quantity and electric flux symbol is ∅. Electric Flux formula Derivation: Electric flux passing through Vector da An electrical flux passing through the entire page Using formula Electric Flux formula Electric Flux dimensional formula Electric Flux unit 

Electric Dipole: An Electric Dipole is a pair of equal and opposite point charges separated by a short distance. q and -q are two equal and opposite point cahrges saparated by a small distance 2a Note:- The total charges of the electric dipole is zero, but this does not mean that the field of the electric dipole is zero. Electric Dipole Moment: Dipole Moment is a measure of the strength of electric dipole. Dipole Moment is equal to the product of the magnitude of either charge and the distance between then. Note:- It is a vector quantity whose direction is from negative charge to positive charge . S.I. Unit of Electric Dipole Moment = C.m Electric dipole moment dimensional formula:-

In this article, we will rigorously derive expressions for the Electric Field due to Point Charge. Electric Field due to a Point Charge: Suppose a point charge/ Source charge q is palced at point O.  This charge exerts force F on test charge q0, which is palced at a distance r from it. From Coulomb's Law By the definition of  Electric Field Intensity  Coulomb's Law value substitute in intensity of electric field Electric Field Intensity formula is N/C Where:

Electric Field: Electric field due to a given charge is the space around the charge in which electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion due to the charge can be experienced by any other charge.                                     Source Charge & Test Charge: The charge which produces electric field is known as source charge. Charge (generally written as qo) which tests the effect of source charge is called test charge. what is electric field intensity: Electric filed intensity at any point is the strength of electric field at that point. It is defined as the force experienced by unit positive charge placed at that point. Unit of E is NC-1 or Vm-1. Electric Field Line: An electric field line is defined as a path, straight or curved in  electric field, such that tangent to it at any point gives the direction of electric field intensity at that point. Properties of Electric Field Lines: •...

Definition:- The magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The law was first published in 1785 by French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, and was essential to the development of the theory of electromagnetism, maybe even its starting point, because it was now possible to discuss quantity of electric charge in a meaningful way. Coulomb's Law Derivation:- We can show it with the following explanation. Let’s say that there are two charges q1 and q2. The distance between the charges is ‘r’, and the force of attraction/repulsion between them is ‘F’. Then F  ∝ q1q2   ••••••• (1) F  ∝  1/r2   •••••••(2) By the equation no. 1 and 2 F  = k q1q2/ r2 where k is proportionality constant and equals to 1/4 π ε0. where ε0 is absolute permittivity of free space. V...