Keplers’s Laws of Planetary Motion, Kepler's Law, Law of Orbits, Law of Areas, Law of periods

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  Keplers’s Laws of Planetary Motion: 1 st law ( Law of Orbits ): Every planet moves around the sun in elliptical orbit with the sun at one of the foci of the elliptical orbit. 2 nd   law ( Law of Areas): The line joining the planet to the sun sweeps over equal areas in equal intervals of time.                                                             Area of SAB = Area of SCD  2 nd   law tells us that a planet does not move with constant speed around the sun. It speeds up while approaching the nearest point called ‘ perigee’ and slows downs while approaching the farthest point called ‘ apogee’. therefore, distance covered on the orbit with in the given interval of time at perigee is greater than that at apogee such that areas swept are equal. 3 rd Law ( Law of periods): The square of the time periods of revolution of...
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Electric Field, Electric Field Intensity, define electric lines of force and its properties

Electric Field:

Electric field due to a given charge is the space around the charge in which electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion due to the charge can be experienced by any other charge.

                                   
Source Charge & Test Charge:

The charge which produces electric field is known as source charge.
Charge (generally written as qo) which tests the effect of source charge is called test charge.


what is electric field intensity:

Electric filed intensity at any point is the strength of electric field at that point. It is defined as the force experienced by unit positive charge placed at that point.
Unit of E is NC-1 or Vm-1.


Electric Field Line:

An electric field line is defined as a path, straight or curved in  electric field, such that tangent to it at any point gives the direction of electric field intensity at that point.


Properties of Electric Field Lines:

•   Electric field lines are continuous curves.

•   They start from positively charge and end at negatively charges body.

•   Tangent to the electric filed line at any point gives the direction of electric field intensity at that point.

•   No two electric field lines intersect each other.

•   Electric field lines are always normal to the surface of of a conductor.

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